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- #
- # The Python Imaging Library.
- # $Id$
- #
- # PNG support code
- #
- # See "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;
- # W3C Recommendation", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).
- #
- # history:
- # 1996-05-06 fl Created (couldn't resist it)
- # 1996-12-14 fl Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)
- # 1996-12-15 fl Separate PNG stream parser
- # 1996-12-29 fl Added write support, added getchunks
- # 1996-12-30 fl Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)
- # 1998-07-12 fl Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)
- # 2001-02-08 fl Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)
- # 2001-04-16 fl Don't close data source in "open" method (0.6)
- # 2004-02-24 fl Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)
- # 2004-08-31 fl Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)
- # 2004-09-20 fl Added PngInfo chunk container
- # 2004-12-18 fl Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)
- # 2008-08-13 fl Added tRNS support for RGB images
- # 2009-03-06 fl Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)
- # 2009-03-08 fl Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)
- # 2009-03-29 fl Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)
- #
- # Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB
- # Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh
- #
- # See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
- #
-
- __version__ = "0.9"
-
- import re, string
-
- import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, zlib
-
-
- def i16(c):
- return ord(c[1]) + (ord(c[0])<<8)
- def i32(c):
- return ord(c[3]) + (ord(c[2])<<8) + (ord(c[1])<<16) + (ord(c[0])<<24)
-
- is_cid = re.compile("\w\w\w\w").match
-
-
- _MAGIC = "\211PNG\r\n\032\n"
-
-
- _MODES = {
- # supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes
- (1, 0): ("1", "1"),
- (2, 0): ("L", "L;2"),
- (4, 0): ("L", "L;4"),
- (8, 0): ("L", "L"),
- (16,0): ("I", "I;16B"),
- (8, 2): ("RGB", "RGB"),
- (16,2): ("RGB", "RGB;16B"),
- (1, 3): ("P", "P;1"),
- (2, 3): ("P", "P;2"),
- (4, 3): ("P", "P;4"),
- (8, 3): ("P", "P"),
- (8, 4): ("LA", "LA"),
- (16,4): ("RGBA", "LA;16B"), # LA;16B->LA not yet available
- (8, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
- (16,6): ("RGBA", "RGBA;16B"),
- }
-
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Support classes. Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.
-
- class ChunkStream:
-
- def __init__(self, fp):
-
- self.fp = fp
- self.queue = []
-
- if not hasattr(Image.core, "crc32"):
- self.crc = self.crc_skip
-
- def read(self):
- "Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information."
-
- if self.queue:
- cid, pos, len = self.queue[-1]
- del self.queue[-1]
- self.fp.seek(pos)
- else:
- s = self.fp.read(8)
- cid = s[4:]
- pos = self.fp.tell()
- len = i32(s)
-
- if not is_cid(cid):
- raise SyntaxError, "broken PNG file (chunk %s)" % repr(cid)
-
- return cid, pos, len
-
- def close(self):
- self.queue = self.crc = self.fp = None
-
- def push(self, cid, pos, len):
-
- self.queue.append((cid, pos, len))
-
- def call(self, cid, pos, len):
- "Call the appropriate chunk handler"
-
- if Image.DEBUG:
- print "STREAM", cid, pos, len
- return getattr(self, "chunk_" + cid)(pos, len)
-
- def crc(self, cid, data):
- "Read and verify checksum"
-
- crc1 = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
- crc2 = i16(self.fp.read(2)), i16(self.fp.read(2))
- if crc1 != crc2:
- raise SyntaxError, "broken PNG file"\
- "(bad header checksum in %s)" % cid
-
- def crc_skip(self, cid, data):
- "Read checksum. Used if the C module is not present"
-
- self.fp.read(4)
-
- def verify(self, endchunk = "IEND"):
-
- # Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining
- # blocks. Must be called directly after open.
-
- cids = []
-
- while 1:
- cid, pos, len = self.read()
- if cid == endchunk:
- break
- self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len))
- cids.append(cid)
-
- return cids
-
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))
-
- class PngInfo:
-
- def __init__(self):
- self.chunks = []
-
- def add(self, cid, data):
- self.chunks.append((cid, data))
-
- def add_text(self, key, value, zip=0):
- if zip:
- import zlib
- self.add("zTXt", key + "\0\0" + zlib.compress(value))
- else:
- self.add("tEXt", key + "\0" + value)
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)
-
- class PngStream(ChunkStream):
-
- def __init__(self, fp):
-
- ChunkStream.__init__(self, fp)
-
- # local copies of Image attributes
- self.im_info = {}
- self.im_text = {}
- self.im_size = (0,0)
- self.im_mode = None
- self.im_tile = None
- self.im_palette = None
-
- def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, len):
-
- # ICC profile
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
- # Profile name 1-79 bytes (character string)
- # Null separator 1 byte (null character)
- # Compression method 1 byte (0)
- # Compressed profile n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
- i = string.find(s, chr(0))
- if Image.DEBUG:
- print "iCCP profile name", s[:i]
- print "Compression method", ord(s[i])
- comp_method = ord(s[i])
- if comp_method != 0:
- raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in iCCP chunk" % comp_method)
- try:
- icc_profile = zlib.decompress(s[i+2:])
- except zlib.error:
- icc_profile = None # FIXME
- self.im_info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
- return s
-
- def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, len):
-
- # image header
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- self.im_size = i32(s), i32(s[4:])
- try:
- self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(ord(s[8]), ord(s[9]))]
- except:
- pass
- if ord(s[12]):
- self.im_info["interlace"] = 1
- if ord(s[11]):
- raise SyntaxError, "unknown filter category"
- return s
-
- def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, len):
-
- # image data
- self.im_tile = [("zip", (0,0)+self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]
- self.im_idat = len
- raise EOFError
-
- def chunk_IEND(self, pos, len):
-
- # end of PNG image
- raise EOFError
-
- def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, len):
-
- # palette
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- if self.im_mode == "P":
- self.im_palette = "RGB", s
- return s
-
- def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, len):
-
- # transparency
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- if self.im_mode == "P":
- i = string.find(s, chr(0))
- if i >= 0:
- self.im_info["transparency"] = i
- elif self.im_mode == "L":
- self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s)
- elif self.im_mode == "RGB":
- self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s), i16(s[2:]), i16(s[4:])
- return s
-
- def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, len):
-
- # gamma setting
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- self.im_info["gamma"] = i32(s) / 100000.0
- return s
-
- def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, len):
-
- # pixels per unit
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- px, py = i32(s), i32(s[4:])
- unit = ord(s[8])
- if unit == 1: # meter
- dpi = int(px * 0.0254 + 0.5), int(py * 0.0254 + 0.5)
- self.im_info["dpi"] = dpi
- elif unit == 0:
- self.im_info["aspect"] = px, py
- return s
-
- def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, len):
-
- # text
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- try:
- k, v = string.split(s, "\0", 1)
- except ValueError:
- k = s; v = "" # fallback for broken tEXt tags
- if k:
- self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
- return s
-
- def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, len):
-
- # compressed text
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
- k, v = string.split(s, "\0", 1)
- comp_method = ord(v[0])
- if comp_method != 0:
- raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in zTXt chunk" % comp_method)
- import zlib
- self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = zlib.decompress(v[1:])
- return s
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # PNG reader
-
- def _accept(prefix):
- return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC
-
- ##
- # Image plugin for PNG images.
-
- class PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
-
- format = "PNG"
- format_description = "Portable network graphics"
-
- def _open(self):
-
- if self.fp.read(8) != _MAGIC:
- raise SyntaxError, "not a PNG file"
-
- #
- # Parse headers up to the first IDAT chunk
-
- self.png = PngStream(self.fp)
-
- while 1:
-
- #
- # get next chunk
-
- cid, pos, len = self.png.read()
-
- try:
- s = self.png.call(cid, pos, len)
- except EOFError:
- break
- except AttributeError:
- if Image.DEBUG:
- print cid, pos, len, "(unknown)"
- s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
-
- self.png.crc(cid, s)
-
- #
- # Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream. An alternative
- # would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes
- # directly, but that introduces circular references which are
- # difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...
- # (believe me, I've tried ;-)
-
- self.mode = self.png.im_mode
- self.size = self.png.im_size
- self.info = self.png.im_info
- self.text = self.png.im_text # experimental
- self.tile = self.png.im_tile
-
- if self.png.im_palette:
- rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette
- self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)
-
- self.__idat = len # used by load_read()
-
-
- def verify(self):
- "Verify PNG file"
-
- if self.fp is None:
- raise RuntimeError("verify must be called directly after open")
-
- # back up to beginning of IDAT block
- self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)
-
- self.png.verify()
- self.png.close()
-
- self.fp = None
-
- def load_prepare(self):
- "internal: prepare to read PNG file"
-
- if self.info.get("interlace"):
- self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)
-
- ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)
-
- def load_read(self, bytes):
- "internal: read more image data"
-
- while self.__idat == 0:
- # end of chunk, skip forward to next one
-
- self.fp.read(4) # CRC
-
- cid, pos, len = self.png.read()
-
- if cid not in ["IDAT", "DDAT"]:
- self.png.push(cid, pos, len)
- return ""
-
- self.__idat = len # empty chunks are allowed
-
- # read more data from this chunk
- if bytes <= 0:
- bytes = self.__idat
- else:
- bytes = min(bytes, self.__idat)
-
- self.__idat = self.__idat - bytes
-
- return self.fp.read(bytes)
-
-
- def load_end(self):
- "internal: finished reading image data"
-
- self.png.close()
- self.png = None
-
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # PNG writer
-
- def o16(i):
- return chr(i>>8&255) + chr(i&255)
-
- def o32(i):
- return chr(i>>24&255) + chr(i>>16&255) + chr(i>>8&255) + chr(i&255)
-
- _OUTMODES = {
- # supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations
- "1": ("1", chr(1)+chr(0)),
- "L;1": ("L;1", chr(1)+chr(0)),
- "L;2": ("L;2", chr(2)+chr(0)),
- "L;4": ("L;4", chr(4)+chr(0)),
- "L": ("L", chr(8)+chr(0)),
- "LA": ("LA", chr(8)+chr(4)),
- "I": ("I;16B", chr(16)+chr(0)),
- "P;1": ("P;1", chr(1)+chr(3)),
- "P;2": ("P;2", chr(2)+chr(3)),
- "P;4": ("P;4", chr(4)+chr(3)),
- "P": ("P", chr(8)+chr(3)),
- "RGB": ("RGB", chr(8)+chr(2)),
- "RGBA":("RGBA", chr(8)+chr(6)),
- }
-
- def putchunk(fp, cid, *data):
- "Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)"
-
- data = string.join(data, "")
-
- fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)
- fp.write(data)
- hi, lo = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
- fp.write(o16(hi) + o16(lo))
-
- class _idat:
- # wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks
-
- def __init__(self, fp, chunk):
- self.fp = fp
- self.chunk = chunk
- def write(self, data):
- self.chunk(self.fp, "IDAT", data)
-
- def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, check=0):
- # save an image to disk (called by the save method)
-
- mode = im.mode
-
- if mode == "P":
-
- #
- # attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images
-
- if im.encoderinfo.has_key("bits"):
-
- # number of bits specified by user
- n = 1 << im.encoderinfo["bits"]
-
- else:
-
- # check palette contents
- n = 256 # FIXME
-
- if n <= 2:
- bits = 1
- elif n <= 4:
- bits = 2
- elif n <= 16:
- bits = 4
- else:
- bits = 8
-
- if bits != 8:
- mode = "%s;%d" % (mode, bits)
-
- # encoder options
- if im.encoderinfo.has_key("dictionary"):
- dictionary = im.encoderinfo["dictionary"]
- else:
- dictionary = ""
-
- im.encoderconfig = (im.encoderinfo.has_key("optimize"), dictionary)
-
- # get the corresponding PNG mode
- try:
- rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]
- except KeyError:
- raise IOError, "cannot write mode %s as PNG" % mode
-
- if check:
- return check
-
- #
- # write minimal PNG file
-
- fp.write(_MAGIC)
-
- chunk(fp, "IHDR",
- o32(im.size[0]), o32(im.size[1]), # 0: size
- mode, # 8: depth/type
- chr(0), # 10: compression
- chr(0), # 11: filter category
- chr(0)) # 12: interlace flag
-
- if im.mode == "P":
- chunk(fp, "PLTE", im.im.getpalette("RGB"))
-
- if im.encoderinfo.has_key("transparency"):
- if im.mode == "P":
- transparency = max(0, min(255, im.encoderinfo["transparency"]))
- chunk(fp, "tRNS", chr(255) * transparency + chr(0))
- elif im.mode == "L":
- transparency = max(0, min(65535, im.encoderinfo["transparency"]))
- chunk(fp, "tRNS", o16(transparency))
- elif im.mode == "RGB":
- red, green, blue = im.encoderinfo["transparency"]
- chunk(fp, "tRNS", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))
- else:
- raise IOError("cannot use transparency for this mode")
-
- if 0:
- # FIXME: to be supported some day
- chunk(fp, "gAMA", o32(int(gamma * 100000.0)))
-
- dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
- if dpi:
- chunk(fp, "pHYs",
- o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
- o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
- chr(1))
-
- info = im.encoderinfo.get("pnginfo")
- if info:
- for cid, data in info.chunks:
- chunk(fp, cid, data)
-
- # ICC profile writing support -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech
- if im.info.has_key("icc_profile"):
- # ICC profile
- # according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
- # Profile name 1-79 bytes (character string)
- # Null separator 1 byte (null character)
- # Compression method 1 byte (0)
- # Compressed profile n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
- try:
- import ICCProfile
- p = ICCProfile.ICCProfile(im.info["icc_profile"])
- name = p.tags.desc.get("ASCII", p.tags.desc.get("Unicode", p.tags.desc.get("Macintosh", p.tags.desc.get("en", {}).get("US", "ICC Profile")))).encode("latin1", "replace")[:79]
- except ImportError:
- name = "ICC Profile"
- data = name + "\0\0" + zlib.compress(im.info["icc_profile"])
- chunk(fp, "iCCP", data)
-
- ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk), [("zip", (0,0)+im.size, 0, rawmode)])
-
- chunk(fp, "IEND", "")
-
- try:
- fp.flush()
- except:
- pass
-
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # PNG chunk converter
-
- def getchunks(im, **params):
- """Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image."""
-
- class collector:
- data = []
- def write(self, data):
- pass
- def append(self, chunk):
- self.data.append(chunk)
-
- def append(fp, cid, *data):
- data = string.join(data, "")
- hi, lo = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
- crc = o16(hi) + o16(lo)
- fp.append((cid, data, crc))
-
- fp = collector()
-
- try:
- im.encoderinfo = params
- _save(im, fp, None, append)
- finally:
- del im.encoderinfo
-
- return fp.data
-
-
- # --------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Registry
-
- Image.register_open("PNG", PngImageFile, _accept)
- Image.register_save("PNG", _save)
-
- Image.register_extension("PNG", ".png")
-
- Image.register_mime("PNG", "image/png")
-